Saturday 15 March 2014

The Heart of Ningaloo Reef

Located on the stunning shores of Western Australia’s Coral Coast, Coral Bay is at the heart of the Ningaloo Reef and is home to a huge variety of marine wildlife 
- the "Coral Coast Crew". 

Watch:

Coral Bay, The Heart of Ningaloo Preview - by Migration Media 


This is a preview of Migration Media's Production “Coral Bay, The Heart of Ningaloo”, a compilation of underwater marine life footage and spectacular scenes of the Coral Coast, filmed by my friends in the bay. This video showcases some of the beauty of Ningaloo Reef and presents some of the unique animals that reside in and frequent these waters, including: Whale Sharks, Manta Rays, Dugongs, Turtles, Reef Fish, beautiful Coral Reefs and various types of Sharks and Rays.
Photo: Dancing with Manta Rays, Coral Bay - Cochise Page

Coral reefs are primary producers that sustain many trophic levels of ecosystems. The proximity of the reef to the continental shelf sanctions for oceanic current convergence of cold and warm waters (Sleeman et al. 2007). This creates upwelling and provides the necessary biophysical conditions to support a diverse array of species (Sleeman et al. 2007). The Ningaloo Reef hosts a large suite of resident marine megafauna including dugongs, sharks, dolphins and manta rays (Preen et al. 1997). Some marine megafauna such as humpback (Megaptera novaeangliae) and pygmy blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus brevicauda) migrate through Ningaloo Reef, stopping for a rest and a play, en route to breeding grounds further north (Sleeman et al. 2007). Turtles migrate to Ningaloo Reef to forage and nest (Preen et al.1997), while other migratory megafauna such as whale sharks (Rhincodon typus) have predictable seasonal occurrences at Ningaloo Reef to feed, and possibly for other reasons that are not yet clearly understood (Sleeman et al. 2007). Killer whales (Orcinus orca) are known to target krill feeders such as baleen whales as calves or juveniles, when in their high latitude breeding grounds. The trophic distributions and foraging of many marine megafauna species are often correlated with the physical and biological properties of surface waters, and ultimately on the primary productivity of the coral reef ecosystem (Sleeman et al. 2007).

Photo: Oyster Bridge, Coral Bay, Ningaloo Reef - Bec Towers

Here is another short video featuring “Coral Coast Crew” and highlighting the beauty and the importance of conservation of Ningaloo Reef. This part of the Coral Coast has an abundance of marine life, including endangered animals such as dugongs and whale sharks that live in Ningaloo and surrounding waters.   

Protect Ningaloo Reef



References:
Preen, A. R., Marsh, H., Lawler, I. R., Prince, R. I. T., & Shepherd, R. (1997) Distribution and abundance of dugongs, turtles, dolphins and other megafauna in Shark Bay, Ningaloo Reef and Exmouth Gulf, Western Australia, Wildlife Research 24, 185–208.

Sleeman, J., Meekan, M., Wilson, S., Jenner, C., Jenner, M., Boggs, G., Steinberg, C. & Bradshaw, C. (2007) "Biophysical correlates of relative abundances of marine megafauna at Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia", Marine & Freshwater Research, 58 (7), 608-623.  


3 comments:

  1. Nice videos! I am curious as to why fringing reefs are not that common on the western coasts of continents? What about the bird life at Ningaloo? I would imagine that the abundance of food would make for a veritable bird-fest. What types of birds call Ningaloo home?

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    Replies
    1. Hi Tasmin, sorry about my delayed reply, I have only just come across your comment!
      In general, coral reefs are rare on the western side of continents where colder and nutrient-rich upwellings occur, due primarily to global circulation and oceanic currents. These conditions are not favoured by the hard corals that make up the bulk structure of the Ningaloo Reef. Although this cold water upwelling is occurring off the Coral Coast, the Ningaloo Reef also has the warm Leeuwin current flowing poleward from the north. This maintains the coastal water temperatures above the average of 18o C, which is a limitation for these hard coral communities to survive. The convergence of the two currents creates upwelling of deep cold waters, bringing nutrients up to fuel the ecosystem. The maritime air is cooled and moves across the land where it heats up. This increases the air’s ability to absorb and hold moisture which contributes to the dry arid environment. The lack of freshwater run-off from rain is another factor that enables the coral reef to survive growing right up close to the shoreline. These geographical and biophysical factors have influenced the formation and evolution of the Ningaloo Reef (and also its inhabitants). Therefore, they are responsible for its uniqueness of being the only extensive coral system worldwide evolve to fringe the western coast of a continent.
      For further reading, checkout:

      Morton, B. (2003) Ningaloo, Marine Pollution Bulletin, 46 (10), 1213-1214.

      Collins, L.B., Zhu, Z.R., Wyrwoll, K. & Eisenhauer, A. (2003) Late Quaternary structure and development of the northern Ningaloo Reef, Australia, Sedimentary Geology, 159 (1), 81-94.

      In response to your second question, there is a myriad of birdlife that inhabit the region. The birdlife ranges from the large albatrosses on the open sea, to the small sparrows nesting on the limestone cliff edges on the coast; and from the sandpipers scurrying along the beach to the wedge-tailed eagle patrolling the skies above the adjacent arid landscape.
      I was planning to eventually get around to this topic, but since you have shown such an interest, it has inspired me to make it my mission for this week’s blog post for the CORAL COAST CREW!
      Watch this space… ;)

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    2. I have found that this text book explains oceanic currents and their relation to global circulation in a nice way...

      Marshak, S. (2012) Earth: portrait of a planet, 4th edn, W. W. Norton & Company, New York.

      Check out chapter 18: Ocean Water and Currents, pages 616-617.

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